ASN Report 2015

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be set and the removal of the waste
produced during post-operation
clean-out of the contaminated
premises and remediation of soil
must be managed, from the site up
to storage or disposal.
In 2012, ASN published its
doctrine for the management of
sites contaminated by radioactive
substances.
The Ordinance of 10th February
2016 c re a t ed a s y s t em o f
active institutional controls for
contaminated sites and soils.
Outlook
2016 will in particular be devoted
to implementing the TECV Act and
the Ordinance of 10th February
2016, with renovation of the regimes
governing the small-scale nuclear
sector, continued drafting of the
BNI general technical regulations
and definition of the framework
applicable to the protection of
radioactive sources against malicious
acts.
This regulatory work by ASNwill be
carried out with a view to ensuring
that the rules are more closely
tailored to the particular issues
and to continuing to support the
stakeholders involved.
Regulation of nuclear activities
and exposure to ionising radiation 04
In France, nuclear activity licensees
are responsible for the safety of their
activity.
They cannot delegate this
responsibility, and must ensure
permanent surveillance of both this
activity and the equipment used.
Given the risks for humans and
the environment linked to ionising
radiation, the State regulates nuclear
activities, a task it has entrusted to
ASN.
Control and regulation of nuclear
activities is a fundamental
responsibility of ASN. The aim is to
verify that all licensees fully assume
their responsibility and comply with
the requirements of the regulations
relative to radiation protection and
nuclear safety, in order to protect
workers, patients, the public and the
environment from risks associated
with radioactivity.
Inspection is the key means of
monitoring available to ASN.
It requires one or more ASN
inspectors (nuclear safety inspectors,
radioactive substance transport safety
inspectors, labour inspectors and
radiation protection inspectors) to go
to a monitored site or department, or
to carriers of radioactive substances.
The inspection is proportionate to
the level of risk presented by the
installation or the activity and the
way in which the licensee assumes
its responsibilities. It consists in
performing spot checks on the
conformity of a given situation
with regulatory or technical baseline
requirements. After the inspection,
a follow-up letter is sent to the
person responsible for the inspected
site or activity and published on­
Any deviations found
during the inspection can lead to
administrative or criminal penalties.
ASNhas a broad vision of control and
regulation, encompassing material,
organisational and human aspects.
Its oversight actions take the tangible
form of resolutions, requirements,
inspection follow-up documents,
sanctions where applicable and
assessments of safety and radiation
protection in each sector of activity.
ASN’s monitoring actions are also
carried out by other means such
as examination of files, analysis of
significant events, visits prior to
commissioning of installations and
measures to raise the awareness of
professionals.
This arrangement is supplemented
by systematic technical inspections
in certain fields by approved
organisations.
Significant events
1,882 inspections were carried out
in 2015 by the 268 ASN inspectors.
These 1,882 inspections represent
2,024 days of actual inspection in
the field. This number is down by
comparisonwith 2014 owing to a fall
in ASN’s inspection capacity due to
high inspector turnover and the time
needed to train the new inspectors.
ASN also experimented with
v e r i f i c a t i on me t hod s t h a t
complement inspections with
veterinarians in certaindépartements .
In 2015, ASN was notified of:
• 1,039 significant events concerning
nuclear safety, radiation protection
and the environment in BNIs;
938 of these events were rated on
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ASN Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2015
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS IN 2015