372 / 536
Pre-stressed
concrete wall
Metal sealing
liner
900 MWe reactor
containments
1,300 MWe/ 1,450 MWe reactor
containments
1,650 MWe reactor containments
REACTOR
containments
Reinforced
concrete wall
Annulus
Pre-stressed
concrete wall
Reinforced
concrete wall
Annulus
Pre-stressed
concrete wall
Metal sealing
liner
1.7 Other systems important
for safety
The other main systems or circuits important for safety
and required for reactor operation are:
•
the Component Cooling System (RRI), which cools
a number of nuclear equipment items; this system
operates in a closed loop between the auxiliary and
safeguard systems on the one hand, and between the
systems carrying water from the river or the sea (heat
sink) on the other;
•
the Essential ServiceWater System (SEC), which uses
the heat sink to cool the Component Cooling System;
•
the Reactor Cavity and Spent Fuel Pool Cooling and
Treatment System(PTR), usednotably to remove residual
heat from fuel elements stored in the fuel building pool;
•
the ventilation systems, which confine radioactive
materials by depressurising the premises and filtering
all discharges;
•
the fire protection water systems;
•
the instrumentation and control system;
•
the electrical systems.
2. NUCLEAR SAFETY
2.1 Social, organisational
and human factors
The contribution of people and organisations to the
safety of NPPs is a decisive factor in all steps of the
plant lifecycle (design, construction, commissioning,
operation, decommissioning). ASN therefore focuses
on the conditions which are favourable or prejudicial to
a positive contribution to NPP safety by the operators
and worker groups. ASN defines Social, Organisational
and Human Factors (SOHF) as being all the aspects of
working situations and of the organisation that will
have an influence on the work done by the operators.
The Order of 7th February 2012 setting the general
rules for Basic Nuclear Installations (BNIs), requires
that the licensee define and implement an Integrated
Management System (IMS) designed to ensure that the
safety, radiation protection and environmental protection
requirements are systematically taken into account in
all decisions concerning the facility. The IMS specifies
the steps taken with regard to all types of organisation
and resources, in particular those adopted to manage
important activities. ASN thus asks the licensee to set
up an IMS able to maintain and continuously improve
safety, notably through the development of safety culture.
The Order of 7th February 2012 also requires that the
subsequent analysis of significant events determine
organisational and human causes in addition to technical
causes through an in-depth assessment.
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CHAPTER 12:
EDF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS (NPPs)
ASN report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2015